TCAN1463-Q1 CAN SIC 收发器(带休眠模式)数据手册(全文查阅)

组织: Texas Instruments年份: 2022可获取性:状态:优先级: ☆☆☆

TCAN1463-Q1 Automotive Signal Improvement Capable CAN FD Transceiver With Sleep Mode(全文查阅)

器件:TCAN1463-Q1(SOT-23-THIN (DYY)、SOIC (D)、VSON (DMT) 封装) 文档:TI Data Sheet SLLSFE5C - MARCH 2020 - REVISED DECEMBER 2022 原文 PDF:📄 下载原文 PDF 相关资料:资源条目页


1 Features(特性)

  • AEC-Q100 (grade 1) qualified for automotive applications
  • Functional Safety-Capable:Documentation available to aid in functional safety system design
  • Meets the requirements of ISO 11898-2:2016
  • Implements Signal Improvement Capability (SIC) as defined in CiA 601-4:Actively improves bus signal by eliminating ringing and enhancing bit symmetry
  • Supports classic CAN and CAN FD up to 8 Mbps
  • Wide input operational voltage range
  • VIO level shifting supports:1.7 V to 5.5 V
  • Operating modes:Normal mode;Silent mode;Standby mode;Low-power sleep mode
  • High-voltage INH output for system power control
  • INH_MASK pin to keep INH disabled during spurious wake-up events
  • Local wake-up support via the WAKE pin
  • Sleep Wake Error (SWE) timer enables safe transition from standby mode to sleep mode in the event of a system power failure or software fault(Allows for extended power-up time)
  • Defined behavior when unpowered:Bus and IO terminals are high impedance (no load to operating bus or application)
  • Protection features:
    • ±58-V CAN bus fault tolerant
    • Load dump support on VSUP
    • IEC ESD protection
    • Undervoltage protection
    • Thermal shutdown protection
    • TXD dominant state timeout (TXD DTO)
  • Available in a 14-pin leaded (SOT and SOIC) packages,and leadless (VSON) package with wettable flanks for improved automated optical inspection (AOI) capability

2 Applications(应用)

  • Body electronics and lighting
  • Automotive gateway
  • Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS)
  • Infotainment and cluster
  • Hybrid,electric & powertrain systems
  • Personal transport vehicles - Electric bike
  • Industrial transportation

3 / 5 Description(描述)

The TCAN1463-Q1 is a high-speed Controller Area Network (CAN) transceiver that meets the physical layer requirements of the ISO 11898-2:2016 high-speed CAN specification and the CiA 601-4 SIC specification. The device supports both classical CAN and CAN FD (flexible data rate) data rates up to 8 Megabits per second (Mbps).

The TCAN1463-Q1 reduces signal ringing at the dominant-to-recessive edge and enables higher throughput in complex network topologies. SIC allows the applications to extract the real benefit of CAN FD by operating at 2 Mbps,5 Mbps,or beyond in large networks with multiple unterminated stubs. The device is pin compatible with classical CAN FD transceivers,such as TCAN1043A-Q1 or TCAN1043-Q1 when INH_MASK feature is not used (INH_MASK pin is left floating or connected to GND)。

The TCAN1463-Q1 allows for system-level reductions in battery current consumption by selectively enabling the various power supplies that may be present on a system via the INH output pin. This allows a low-current sleep state in which power is gated to all system components except for the TCAN1463-Q1,while monitoring the CAN bus. When a wake-up event is detected,the TCAN1463-Q1 initiates system start-up by driving INH high.

The TCAN1463-Q1 features an SWE timer that enables a safe transition to Sleep mode after 4 minutes (tINACTIVE) of inactivity in Standby mode. This makes sure the device is transitioned to low-power Sleep mode if the MCU fails to transition the device to Normal mode.

Package Information

PART NUMBERPACKAGE(1)BODY SIZE (NOM)
TCAN1463-Q1SOT (DYY)4.20 mm × 2.00 mm
SOIC (D)8.65 mm × 3.90 mm
VSON (DMT)4.50 mm × 3.00 mm
  1. For all available packages,see the orderable addendum at the end of the data sheet。

4 Revision History(修订历史)

  • Rev * (2021 年 3 月)→ Rev A(2022 年 7 月):数据手册从 Advanced Information 改为 Production data。
  • Rev A → Rev B(2022 年 11 月):从 Package Information 表中删除 DYY 封装的 Product Preview 注释。
  • Rev B → Rev C(2022 年 12 月):从 Package Information 表中删除 D 封装的 Product Preview 注释;CAN Active 章节中 “The CAN Transceiver blocks its transmitter and receiver” 改为 “blocks its transmitter”。

6 Pin Configuration and Functions(引脚配置与功能)

D 与 DYY 封装 14 引脚(顶视):1 TXD,2 GND,3 VCC,4 RXD,5 VIO,6 EN,7 INH,8 nFAULT,9 WAKE,10 VSUP,11 INH_MASK,12 CANL,13 CANH,14 nSTB。

DMT (VSON) 封装 14 引脚(顶视):同左,含热焊盘(散热焊盘连接 PCB 地平面)。

Table 6-1. Pin Functions

NAMENO.TYPE(1)DESCRIPTION
TXD1ICAN transmit data input,integrated pull-up
GND2GNDGround connection
VCC3P5 V transceiver supply
RXD4OCAN receive data output,tri-state when VIO < UVIO
VIO5PI/O supply voltage
EN6IEnable input for mode control,integrated pull-down
INH7OInhibit pin to control system voltage regulators and supplies,high-voltage
nFAULT8I/OFault output,inverted logic
WAKE9IHigh-voltage supply from battery
VSUP10PHigh-voltage supply from battery
INH_MASK11IINH_MASK pin used to activate/deactivate INH functionality. Internal pull-down to GND. Can be left floating or connected to GND if INH_MASK functionality is not needed. Do not connect to power supply.
CANL12I/OLow-level CAN bus input/output line
CANH13I/OHigh-level CAN bus input/output line
nSTB14IStandby mode control input,integrated pull-down
Thermal PadConnect the thermal pad to the printed circuit board (PCB) ground plane for thermal relief

(1) I = input,O = output,P = power,GND = ground。

7 Specifications(规格)

7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings(绝对最大额定值)

MINMAXUNIT
VSUPSupply voltage(2)-0.345V
VCCSupply voltage-0.36V
VIOSupply voltage I/O level shifter-0.36V
VBUSCAN bus I/O voltage (CANH, CANL)-5858V
VDIFFCAN bus differential voltage (VDIFF = VCANH - VCANL)-5858V
VWAKEWAKE input voltage-4545 且 ≤ VSUP+0.3V
VINHINH pin voltage-0.345 且 ≤ VSUP+0.3V
VLOGICLogic pin voltage-0.36V
IO(LOGIC)Logic pin output current8mA
IO(INH)Inhibit pin output current6mA
IO(WAKE)WAKE pin output current3mA
TJJunction temperature-40165°C
TSTGStorage temperature-65150°C

(1) 超过绝对最大额定值可能造成永久损坏。(2) Able to support load dumps of up to 45 V for 300 ms。

7.2 ESD Ratings

VESDElectrostatic dischargeHuman body model (HBM),per AEC Q100-002(1):VSUP, CANH, CANL,and WAKE with respect to ground,HBM ESD classification level 3B±8000 V
All pins except VSUP, CANH, CANL,and WAKE,HBM ESD classification level 3A±4000 V
Charged device model (CDM),per AEC Q100-011:All pins,CDM ESD classification level C5±750 V

(1) AEC Q100-002 indicates that HBM stressing shall be in accordance with the ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 specification。

7.3 ESD Ratings - IEC Specifications

VESDESD,CANH, CANL,VSUP,and WAKE terminal to GNDUnpowered Contact Discharge per ISO 10605(1)±8000 V
SAE J2962-2 per ISO 10605,Powered Contact Discharge±15000 V
SAE J2962-2 per ISO 10605,Powered Air discharge±15000 V
VTRANTransient voltage per ISO-7637-2(1):CAN, VSUP,WAKE terminal to GNDPulse 1 / 2 / 3a / 3b-100 V / +75 V / -150 V / +100 V
Transient voltage per ISO-7637-3(2)Direct coupling capacitor “slow transient pulse” with 100 nF coupling capacitor - powered±30 V

(1) IEC 62228-3 结果,测试由 IBEE Zwickau 执行。(2) SAE J2962-2,测试由 OEM 认可的独立第三方执行。

VSUPSupply voltageMIN 4.5MAX 40UNIT V
VIOI/O supply voltage1.75.5V
VCCCAN transceiver supply voltage4.55.5V
IOH(DO)Digital output high-level current-2mA
IOL(DO)Digital output low-level current2mA
IO(INH)Inhibit output current4mA
TJOperating junction temperature-40150°C
TSDR / TSDF / TSD(HYS)热关断温度 / 释放温度 / 迟滞175 / 160 / 10°C

7.5 Thermal Information(热特性)

THERMAL METRIC(1)D (SOIC)DMT (VSON)DYY (SOT)UNIT
RθJAJunction-to-ambient thermal resistance87.141.891.0
RθJC(top)Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance41.843.741.7
RθJBJunction-to-board thermal resistance43.78.525.6
ψJTJunction-to-top characterization parameter43.315.925.4
ψJBJunction-to-board characterization parameterN/A0.91.1
RθJC(bot)Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistanceN/A15.9N/A

7.6 Power Dissipation Ratings(耗散额定值)

PARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSPOWER DISSIPATION
PD Average power dissipationVSUP = 14 V,VCC = 5 V,VIO = 5 V,TJ = 27 °C,RL = 60 Ω,nSTB = 5 V,EN = 5 V,CL_RXD = 15 pF。典型 CAN 工作条件,500 kbps,25% 发送(显性)占空比62 mW
VSUP = 14 V,VCC = 5.5 V,VIO = 5.5 V,TJ = 150 °C,RL = 50 Ω,nSTB = 5.5 V,EN = 5.5 V,CL_RXD = 15 pF。典型高负载 CAN 工作条件,1 Mbps,50% 发送(显性)占空比,满载网络135 mW

7.7 Power Supply Characteristics(电源特性)

参数条件:TJ = -40 °C 至 150 °C,典型值在 25 °C、VSUP = 12 V、VIO = 3.3 V、VCC = 5 V、RL = 60 Ω。

PARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNIT
ISUP_NORMAL Supply current,CAN activeNormal mode,silent mode,and go-to-sleep mode140μA
ISUP_STBY Supply current,Standby modeStandby mode(2),CAN autonomous:inactive60μA
ISUP_SLEEP Supply currentSleep mode,CAN autonomous:inactive1830μA
ISUP_BIAS Supply current5.5 V < VSUP ≤ 28 V(1),Additional current when in CAN autonomous:active50μA
UVSUP(R)Undervoltage VSUP threshold rising,Ramp up3.854.4V
UVSUP(F)Undervoltage VSUP threshold falling,Ramp down3.54.25V
ICC_NORMAL Supply current Normal modeCAN active:dominant,TXD = 0 V,RL = 60 Ω,CL = open60mA
TXD = 0 V,RL = 50 Ω,CL = open70mA
Dominant with bus fault,TXD = 0 V,RL = open,CL = open,CANH = -25 V110mA
CAN active:recessive,TXD = 0 V,RL = 50 Ω,CL = open5mA
ICC_STBY Supply currentStandby mode,CAN autonomous:inactive,EN = nSTB = 0 V2 μA(TJ ≤ 85 °C)/ 5 μA(TJ ≤ 150 °C)
ICC_SILENT Supply currentSilent and go-to-sleep mode,TXD = nSTB = VIO,RL = 50 Ω,CL = open2.5mA
ICC_SLEEP Supply currentSleep mode,CAN autonomous:inactive,EN = 0 V or VIO,nSTB = 0 V2 μA(TJ ≤ 85 °C)/ 5 μA(TJ ≤ 150 °C)
UVCC(R) / UVCC(F)Undervoltage VCC threshold rising / falling4.1 / 3.54.4 / 3.9V
VHYS(UVCC)Hysteresis voltage on UVCC50250320mV
IIO_NORMAL I/O supply currentNormal mode,RXD floating,TXD = 0 V350μA
Normal/standby/go-to-sleep,RXD floating,TXD = VIO5μA
IIO_SLEEP I/O supply currentSleep mode,nSTB = 0 V2.5 μA(TJ ≤ 85 °C)/ 5 μA(TJ ≤ 150 °C)
UVIO(R) / UVIO(F)Under voltage VIO threshold rising / falling1.4 / 11.65 / 1.25V
VHYS(UVIO)Hysteresis voltage on UVIO3060160mV

(1) ISUP(BIAS) 由 CAN autonomous inactive 与 CAN autonomous active 模式电流之差计算。(2) 有效唤醒后,CAN 收发器进入 CAN autonomous active 模式,需在 CAN autonomous inactive 模式 ISUP 电流基础上加上 ISUP(BIAS)。

7.8 Electrical Characteristics(电气特性)

参数条件:推荐工作条件内,TJ = -40 °C 至 150 °C;典型值在 25 °C、VSUP = 12 V、VIO = 3.3 V、VCC = 5 V、RL = 60 Ω。

CAN Driver Characteristics(总线偏置激活)

PARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNIT
VO(D) Dominant output voltageCANH,TXD = 0 V,50 Ω ≤ RL ≤ 65 Ω,CL = open,RCM = open2.754.5V
CANL0.52.25V
VO(R) Recessive output voltageTXD = VIO,RL = open (no load),RCM = open23V
VSYM Driver symmetry (VO(CANH)+VO(CANL))/VCCnSTB = VIO,RL = 60 Ω,CSPLIT = 4.7 nF,CL = Open,RCM = Open,TXD = 250 kHz,1 MHz,2.5 MHz0.91.1V/V
VSYM_DC DC Driver symmetry,VCC - VO(CANH) - VO(CANL)nSTB = VIO,RL = 60 Ω,CL = open-400400mV
VOD(DOM) Differential output voltage,DominantCANH - CANL,nSTB = VIO,TXD = 0 V,50 Ω ≤ RL ≤ 65 Ω,CL = open1.53V
nSTB = VIO,TXD = 0 V,45 Ω ≤ RL ≤ 70 Ω,CL = open1.43.3V
nSTB = VIO,TXD = 0 V,RL = 2×240 Ω,CL = open1.55V
VOD(REC) Differential output voltage,RecessiveCANH - CANL,nSTB = VIO,TXD = VIO,RL = open,CL = open-5050mV
VOD(STB) Differential output voltage,Bus biasing inactiveCANH,nSTB = 0 V,TXD = VIO,RL = open,CL = open-0.10.1V
CANL-0.10.1V
CANH - CANL-0.20.2V
IOS(DOM) Short-circuit steady-state output current,DominantnSTB = VIO,TXD = 0 V,-15 V ≤ V(CANH) ≤ 40 V-100mA
nSTB = VIO,TXD = 0 V,-15 V ≤ V(CANL) ≤ 40 V100mA
IOS(REC) Short-circuit steady-state output current,RecessivenSTB = VIO,VBUS = CANH = CANL,-27 V ≤ VBUS ≤ 42 V-33mA
RID(dom) Differential input resistance in dominant phase见 Figure 9-240Ω
RID(active_rec) Differential input resistance in active recessive drive phasenSTB = VIO,-12 V ≤ VCM ≤ 12 V60Ω

CAN Receiver Characteristics(总线偏置激活)

PARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNIT
VIT(DOM) Receiver dominant state input voltage rangenSTB = VIO8V
VIT(REC) Receiver recessive state input voltage rangenSTB = VIO0.5V
VHYS Hysteresis voltage for input threshold135mV
VDIFF(DOM) Receiver dominant state input voltage range,Bus biasing inactivenSTB = 0 V,-12 V ≤ VCM ≤ 12 V1.1508V
VDIFF(REC) Receiver recessive state input voltage range,Bus biasing inactivenSTB = 0 V,-12 V ≤ VCM ≤ 12 V-30.4V
VCM Common mode rangenSTB = VIO-1212V
IOFF(LKG) Power-off (unpowered) bus input leakageVSUP = 0 V,CANH = CANL = 5 V,TXD = VCC = VIO2.5μA
CI Input capacitance to ground (CANH or CANL)TXD = VCC = VIO40pF
CID Differential input capacitanceTXD = VCC = VIO20pF
RID Differential input resistance-12 V ≤ VCM ≤ 12 V3070
RIN Input resistance (CANH or CANL)V(CANH) = V(CANL) = 5 V,RCM = RL,CL = open1545
RIN(M) Input resistance matching [1 - RIN(CANH)/RIN(CANL)] × 100%TXD = VIO = 5.5 V-33%
RCBF Valid differential load impedance range for bus fault circuitryTXD = 0 V,VIO = 5.5 V0.7100

TXD / RXD / nSTB / nFAULT / INH_MASK / EN / WAKE / INH Characteristics(各引脚特性摘要)

  • TXD:VIH ≥ 0.7 VIO,VIL ≤ 0.3 VIO;IIH(-2.5 至 1 μA)、IIL(-1 至 1 μA);ILKG(OFF) ±1 μA;RPU 上拉电阻至 VIO(40-80 kΩ);CI ≤ 5 pF。
  • RXD:VOH ≥ 0.7 VIO,VOL ≤ 0.2 VIO;ILKG(OFF) ±1 μA。
  • nSTB:VIH ≥ 0.7 VIO,VIL ≤ 0.3 VIO;RPD 下拉至 GND(40-80 kΩ)。
  • nFAULT:VOH ≥ 0.7 VIO,VOL ≤ 0.2 VIO;ILKG(OFF) ±1 μA。
  • INH_MASK:VIH ≥ 0.7 VIO,VIL ≤ 0.3 VIO;RPD 下拉至 GND(60-80 kΩ)。
  • EN:VIH ≥ 0.7 VIO,VIL ≤ 0.3 VIO;RPD 下拉至 GND(40-80 kΩ)。
  • WAKE:VIH ≥ VSUP - 2 V,VIL ≤ VSUP - 3.5 V(Sleep mode);IIH/IIL 最大 ±3 μA。
  • INH:VH(VSUP - VINH)≤ 0.5/1 V(IINH = -6 mA);ILKG(INH) ±0.5 μA(Sleep mode);RPD 下拉 2.5-5.6 MΩ(Sleep mode,典型 4 MΩ)。

7.9 Timing Requirements(定时要求)

PARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNIT
tPWRUP Time required for INH active after VSUP > UVSUP(R)340μs
tUV Undervoltage filter time VCC and VIO(1)VCC ≤ UVCC or VIO ≤ UVIO100350ms
tUV(RE-ENABLE) Re-enable time after undervoltage event(1)200μs
tPROP(LOOP1) Total loop delay,recessive to dominantRL = 60 Ω,CL = 100 pF,CL(RXD) = 15 pF100190ns
tPROP(LOOP2) Total loop delay,dominant to recessive同上110190ns
tWK(TIMEOUT) Bus wake-up timeout value(1)0.82ms
tWK(FILTER) Bus time to meet filtered bus requirements for wake-up request(1)0.51.8μs
tSILENCE Timeout for bus inactivity(1)Timer is reset and restarted,when bus changes from dominant to recessive or vice versa0.61.2s
tINACTIVE Standby mode hardware timer for power-up inactivity345min
tBIAS Bus bias reaction time(1)显性-隐性-显性序列(每相 6 s)开始至 VSYM ≤ 0.1;nSTB = EN = 0 V,RL = 60 Ω,CSPLIT = 4.7 nF200μs
tCBF Bus fault-detection time45 Ω ≤ RCM ≤ 70 Ω,CL = open2.5μs
tWAKE_HT Hold time for WAKE pin voltage stable after rising or falling edge to recognize LWU550μs
tINH_SLP_STB Time after WUP or LWU event until INH asserted(1)100μs
tINH_MASK Hold time for INH_MASK stable to enable/disable INH function50μs
tMODE1 Mode change time from leaving Sleep to entering Normal or Silent(1)VCC 与 VIO 越过 UV 阈值起算20μs
tMODE2 Mode change time between normal,silent,standby,and from sleep to standby(1)10μs
tGOTOSLEEP Minimum hold time for transition to sleep mode(1)EN = H and nSTB = L2050μs

(1) 由设计规定并经台架表征验证。

7.10 Switching Characteristics(开关特性)

PARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNIT
tprop(TxD-busdom) Propagation delay,high-to-low TXD edge to bus dominantRL = 60 Ω,CL = 100 pF,RCM = open80ns
tprop(TxD-busrec) Propagation delay,low-to-high TXD edge to bus recessive同上80ns
tsk(p) Pulse skew3ns
tR / tF Differential output signal rise / fall timeRL = 60 Ω,CL = 100 pF,RCM = open25ns
tTXDDTO Dominant timeoutTXD = 0 V,RL = 60 Ω,CL = open1.23.8ms
tprop(busdom-RxD) Propagation delay,bus dominant input to RxD low outputCL(RXD) = 15 pF110ns
tprop(busrec-RxD) Propagation delay,bus recessive input to RxD high output同上110ns

7.11 Typical Characteristics(典型特性)

  • Figure 7-x:VOD(DOM) 随温度 / VCC 变化曲线;ICC 各模式电流随温度变化曲线;环路延迟随温度变化曲线等(具体曲线坐标数据略,详见原文)。

8 Parameter Measurement Information(参数测量信息)

  • Figure 8-1:驱动/接收器测试电路(含 RCM 共模电阻)。
  • Figure 8-4:驱动器测试电路与测量(tprop(TxD-busdom)/tprop(TxD-busrec)/tR/tF,VOD 0.9 V/0.5 V 阈值)。
  • Figure 8-5:接收器测试电路与测量(tprop(busrec-RxD)/tprop(busdom-RxD),0.5 V/0.9 V 阈值)。
  • Figure 8-6:发送器与接收器定时行为测试电路(tPROP(LOOP1)/tPROP(LOOP2),TXD 30%/70%,tBIT(BUS)/tBIT(RXD),VDIFF 900 mV/500 mV;5 × tBIT(TXD))。
  • Figure 8-7:TXD 显性超时测试电路与测量(tTXDDTO)。
  • Figure 8-8:驱动器短路电流测试与测量。
  • Figure 8-9:Bias Reaction Time 测量。
  • Figure 8-10 / 8-11:INH_MASK 禁用 / 使能 INH 的时序(tINH_MASK、tINH_SLP_STB)。
  • Figure 8-12:上电时序(tPWRUP)。

9 Detailed Description(详细说明)

9.1 Overview(概述)

The TCAN1463-Q1 is a high-speed CAN transceiver that meets the physical layer requirements of the ISO 11898-2:2016 and CiA 601-4 high speed CAN specifications. It is data rate agnostic making it backward compatible for supporting classical CAN applications while also supporting CAN FD networks up to 8 Mbps.

The transceiver has three separate supply inputs,VSUP,VCC,and VIO. By using VIO,the TCAN1463-Q1 can interface directly to a 1.8 V,2.5 V,3.3 V,or 5 V controller without the need for a level shifter. The TCAN1463-Q1 allows for system-level reductions in battery current consumption by selectively enabling the various power supplies that may be present in the system via the INH output pin. This enables a low-current sleep state in which power is gated to all system components except for the TCAN1463-Q1,which remains in a low-power state while monitoring the CAN bus. When a wake-up pattern is detected on the bus or when a local wake up is requested via the WAKE input,the device initiates node start-up by driving INH high.

The TCAN1463-Q1 includes many protection and diagnostic features including undervoltage detection,CAN bus fault detection,SWE timer,battery connection detection,thermal shutdown (TSD),driver dominant timeout (TXD DTO),and bus fault protection up to ±58 V。

9.1.1 Signal Improvement — SIC 增强复杂星形拓扑中可实现的最大数据速率,通过最小化信号振铃。显性→隐性边沿是常规 CAN FD 收发器振铃的来源:驱动器输出阻抗升至 ~60 kΩ,反射信号遭遇阻抗失配产生振铃。TCAN1463-Q1 通过 TX-based SIC 解决:持续强力驱动隐性总线直到 tSIC_TX_base,使反射衰减、采样点处隐性位干净;主动隐性相中发射机输出阻抗低(RID(active_rec));此后进入被动隐性相,驱动器高阻。

9.2 Functional Block Diagram(功能框图)

含 VSUP (10)/VCC (3)/VIO (5) 三电源、VLDO 稳压、TXD (1)、INH (7)(Sleep 模式下 INH 上有典型 4 MΩ 下拉电阻)、WAKE (9)、nSTB (14)、EN (6)、nFAULT (8)、INH_MASK (11)、RXD (4) 逻辑输出 MUX、Dominant Time Out、SIC Driver、Over Temp、High Speed Receiver、Low Power Receiver、WUP Detect、Under Voltage 检测、CANH (13)/CANL (12)、GND (2)。

9.3 Feature Description(功能描述)

9.3.1 Supply Pins — 三个独立电源输入:VSUP(电池供电,支持内部稳压器与低功耗 CAN 接收器)、VCC(5 V 收发器供电)、VIO(数字 I/O 电压,1.7 V 至 5.5 V,匹配 CAN FD 控制器 I/O)。

9.3.2 Digital Inputs and Outputs

  • TXD:逻辑输入,参考 VIO;内部偏置到 VIO 电平,引脚悬空时强制隐性。
  • RXD:逻辑输出,参考 VIO;有效 VIO 存在时逻辑高;上电或唤醒事件时拉低。
  • nFAULT:逻辑输出,参考 VIO;传输器件状态指示标志;Sleep 模式为高阻以省电。
  • EN:逻辑输入,参考 VIO,与 nSTB 共同选择模式;内部下拉以防过度功耗与误唤醒。
  • nSTB:逻辑输入,参考 VIO,与 EN 共同选择模式;内部下拉。
  • INH_MASK:逻辑输入,参考 VIO;可在 Silent 模式下禁用/使能 INH 功能,用于避免低功耗模式中因伪唤醒事件而给耗电系统块上电。若 INH 控制收发器或其后控制器的供电,则不应使用 INH_MASK。INH_MASK 有下拉电阻,冷启动时强制 INH 为使能;须在 Silent 模式下将 INH_MASK 拉高 t > tINH_MASK 以禁用 INH,器件锁存该值并保持至 VCC/VIO 电源周期与状态转换;VSUP 欠压会丢失锁存值。INH_MASK 状态变化通过 Silent 模式下 nFAULT 拉低报告给系统控制器。
  • GND:接地引脚,须连接 PCB 地。

9.3.4 INH Pin — 高压输出,用于控制外部稳压器。INH 在所有模式都开启,除 Sleep 模式外;Sleep 模式下 INH 关断为高阻,使节点处于最低功耗状态。可加 100 kΩ 负载加速从驱动高到低的转换并防止悬空。该端子是高压逻辑端子而非功率输出,应驱动系统电源管理器件的 EN 端子,不应作为电源开关;不具备反接电池保护,不应连接出模块。

9.3.5 WAKE Pin — 高压反向阻断输入,用于本地唤醒(LWU)。双向边沿触发,WAKE 引脚上升沿或下降沿都识别 LWU。未使用时拉至 VSUP 或地,避免寄生唤醒。外部串联电阻 RSERIES ≥ VSUPMAX/IIO(WAKE) = 45 V / 3 mA = 15 kΩ;RBIAS < ((VSUPMAX - VIH)/IIH) - RSERIES < 330 kΩ;推荐 RSERIES < 50 kΩ。LWU 电路在 Sleep 模式有效,Normal 模式关闭。

9.3.6 CAN Bus Pins — CANH/CANL 差分总线引脚,内部连接 CAN 收发器与低压唤醒接收器。

9.3.7 Faults(故障)

Table 9-1. TCAN1463-Q1 Transceiver Status Indicator(状态指示标志摘要)

EVENTFLAG NAMECAUSEINDICATORS(1)FLAG IS CLEAREDCOMMENT
Power-upPWRONPower up on VSUP and any return of VSUP after it has been below UVSUPnFAULT = low upon entering silent mode from standby or sleep modeAfter a transition to normal mode冷启动产生本地唤醒 WAKERQ、WAKESR 与 PWRON 标志
Wake-up RequestWAKERQ(2)Wake-up event on CAN bus,state transition on WAKE pin,or initial power upnFAULT = RXD = low after wake-up upon entering standby modeAfter a transition to normal mode or VCC < UVCC(F) or VIO < UVIO(F) for t ≥ tUV唤醒请求只能从 standby、go-to-sleep 或 sleep 模式设置;重置 UVVCC/UVVIO 定时器
Wake-up Source Recognition(3)WAKESR本地(WAKE 引脚)或远程(CAN 总线)唤醒nFAULT = low 表示本地唤醒,nFAULT = high 表示远程唤醒After four recessive-to-dominant edges on TXD in normal mode,leaving normal mode,or VCC/VIO UV反映第一个唤醒源
INH_MASK ChangeINHMASKINH_MASK value changednFAULT = low after entering silent modeA mode transition into normal,standby,go-to-sleep,or sleep modesnFAULT 须先为高(无既有故障)才能作为应答
UndervoltageUVCC / UVIO / UVSUPVCC < UVCC(F) / VIO < UVIO(F) / VSUP < UVSUP(F)Not externally indicated电源恢复或唤醒请求内部标志
CAN Bus FaultCBF六种总线故障(见 Table 9-2)nFAULT = low in normal mode only(5)Upon leaving normal mode,或 normal 模式下四个连续显性→隐性转换无故障CAN 驱动器保持使能
Local FaultsTXDCLPTXD low when CAN active mode is enterednFAULT = low upon entering silent mode from normal modeRXD = low & TXD = high 等CAN 驱动器禁用直到故障清除
TXDDTOTXD dominant time out,dominant (low) signal for t ≥ tTXDDTO同上下一显性→隐性转换或进入各模式CAN 驱动器禁用,接收器保持有效
TXDRXDTXD and RXD pins are shorted together for t ≥ tTXDDTO同上下一显性→隐性转换(TXD high & RXD low)或进入各模式CAN 驱动器禁用直到清除
CANDOMCAN bus dominant fault,when dominant bus signal received for t ≥ tBUSDOM同上RXD 下一显性→隐性转换或进入各模式CAN 驱动器保持使能
TSDThermal shutdown,TJ ≥ TSDR同上TJ < TSDF 且 RXD = low & TXD = high 或模式转换CAN 驱动器禁用直到 TSD 清除

(1) VIO 与 VSUP 存在。(2) WAKERQ 清除前阻止进入 go-to-sleep 模式。(3) 反映第一个唤醒源。(4) 标志指示仅在该模式清除前有效。(5) CAN 总线故障标志在 TXD 四个显性→隐性边沿后指示。

9.3.7.1.1 Power-Up (PWRON Flag) — 检测到新电池连接时置位,表示冷启动。VSUP < UVSUP(F) 的任何欠压都被视为冷启动。VSUP > UVSUP(R) 时置位 PWRON。通过从 standby/sleep 进入 silent 模式时 nFAULT 拉低指示;进入 normal 模式清除。

9.3.7.1.2 Wake-Up Request (WAKERQ Flag) — 可在 standby、go-to-sleep 或 sleep 模式置位;有效 LWU、有效远程唤醒请求或 VSUP 上电时置位。进入 normal 模式或 VCC/VIO 欠压事件清除。设置该标志会清除 UVCC/UVIO 故障检测的 tUV 定时器。

9.3.7.1.3 Undervoltage Faults — 所有电源端子(VSUP、VCC、VIO)都有欠压检测;欠压标志为内部标志,不在 nFAULT 上指示。

9.3.7.1.4 CAN Bus Fault (CBF Flag) — 可在发送显性信号时检测六种故障条件并拉低 nFAULT 通知控制器(Table 9-2):1 CANH Shorted to VBAT,2 CANH Shorted to VCC,3 CANH Shorted to GND,4 CANL Shorted to VBAT,5 CANL Shorted to VCC,6 CANL Shorted to GND。故障持续四个连续显性→隐性位转换则 nFAULT 指示 CAN 总线故障;CAN 驱动器保持使能。总线故障检测是系统级情形;收发器在 CAN 总线故障期间保持 CAN active 模式,使 ECU 仍可收发。总线故障检测电路可检测 RCBF 范围内的差分电阻负载,时间大于 tCBF。

9.3.7.1.5/6/7/8 TXDCLP / TXDDTO / TXDRXD / CANDOM 标志 — 见 Table 9-1。

9.3.8 Local Faults(本地故障) — normal 与 silent 模式均检测,但仅在 normal → silent 转换时经 nFAULT 指示;其它模式转换清除本地故障标志。

  • TXDCLP:进入 CAN active 模式前 TXD 被钳位为低,则禁用 CAN 驱动器将总线释放为隐性。进入 normal 模式且 TXD 隐性、或 TXD 隐性且 RXD 显性、或上电时重新激活。故障期间高速接收器保持有效,RXD 镜像总线。
  • TXD DTO:CAN 驱动器 active 模式中,TXD 显性超过 tTXDDTO 则禁用驱动器释放总线;下一显性→隐性转换重新激活。接收器保持有效。最小数据率 = 11 bits/tTXDDTO = 11/1.2 ms = 9.2 kbps。
  • Thermal Shutdown (TSD):结温超过关断阈值则关闭 CAN 驱动器;总线端子偏置为隐性;结温降至 TSDF 以下清除;迟滞防止振荡;故障经 nFAULT 指示。
  • Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO):VSUP/VIO/VCC 欠压进入保护状态,总线引脚对总线无负载。VSUP 欠压 → CAN off 状态;VCC 欠压 → normal/silent 模式但 CAN 收发器进入 CAN autonomous active 状态(有 VIO 时 RXD 保持高);欠压持续超过 tUV → sleep 模式;VIO 欠压 → standby 模式,超过 tUV → sleep。欠压清除后约 200 μs 恢复正常。
  • Unpowered Devices:未上电时总线与逻辑引脚低漏电,对总线/电路无负载。
  • Floating Terminals:关键引脚内部上/下拉确保已知行为(Table 9-3):TXD 弱上拉至 VIO;EN、nSTB 弱下拉至 GND;INH_MASK 弱下拉至 GND(60 kΩ)。这些内部偏置是失效保护,不应作为设计依赖;使用开漏输出 CAN FD 控制器时,须选择合适的外部上拉保证位定时。
  • CAN Bus Short-Circuit Current Limiting:显性/隐性态电流限制 + TXD DTO 防止系统故障时长期显性短路电流。平均短路电流按占空比加权计算:IOS(AVG) = %Transmit × [(%REC_Bits × IOS(SS)_REC) + (%DOM_Bits × IOS(SS)_DOM)] + [%Receive × IOS(SS)_REC]。选择端接电阻与共模扼流圈时应考虑平均额定功率。

9.4 Device Functional Modes(器件工作模式)

TCAN1463-Q1 有六种工作模式:normal、standby、silent、go-to-sleep、sleep、off。通过 nSTB 与 EN 引脚结合电源条件、温度条件与唤醒事件控制。

状态机要点(Figure 9-6):

  • Normal Mode:(EN = low 且 nSTB = low)或 VIO < UVIO 时进入;CAN bus bias active,INH:VSUP level,SWE timer inactive,INH_MASK Input:Ignored。
  • Silent Mode:EN = high 且 nSTB = high(且 VIO > UVIO);CAN bus bias active,INH:VSUP level,SWE timer inactive/active,INH_MASK Input:Disable/Enables INH。
  • Standby Mode:EN = low 且 nSTB = high;CAN bus bias autonomous,WAKE sources:WUP & LWU,INH:VSUP level,SWE timer active,INH_MASK Input:Ignored。
  • Go-To-Sleep Mode:EN = high 且 nSTB = low;CAN bus bias autonomous,WAKE sources:WUP & LWU,INH:VSUP level,SWE timer inactive。
  • Sleep Mode:(EN = low 且 t < tGOTOSLEEP)或 WUP/LWU 后;CAN bus bias autonomous,EN:x,WAKE sources:WUP & LWU,INH:High impedance,nFAULT:High impedance,SWE timer inactive。VCC 或 VIO 低于 UV 阈值持续 tUV 时也从任意模式进入。
  • Power Off:VSUP < UVVSUP(F);CAN:High impedance,INH:High impedance,RXD:High impedance。

状态机注释:

  1. Sleep 模式下 EN 可高可低,但因内部下拉,悬空或外部拉低功耗最低。
  2. 上电时 VCC/VIO 欠压定时器禁用,允许更长上电时间(至 tINACTIVE);VCC/VIO 须高于 UVCC(R)/UVIO(R) 才启用 tUV 定时器。
  3. SWE 定时器在进入 Standby 时启动,Normal 时停止并复位;从 Standby 进 Silent 不停表,须在 SWE 到期前进入 Normal;从 Normal 进 Silent 则 Silent 中 SWE 不激活。
  4. 从 Go-To-Sleep 或 UVCC/UVIO 事件进入 Sleep 后,须 nSTB 上升沿才能进入 Normal 或 Silent(EN 高 → Normal,EN 低 → Silent);VIO 须高于 UVIO(R)。
  5. 因 SWE 超时进入 Sleep 时,须额外条件:进 Normal 需 nSTB 高且 EN 上升沿;进 Silent 需 nSTB 高且 EN 下降沿。若进 Sleep 时 nSTB 已高,须先在 nSTB 低时对 EN 进行一次转换(见 Figure 9-7)。VIO 须高于 UVIO(R)。
  6. 器件仅在 Silent 模式识别 INH_MASK 状态变化,锁存该值并在模式转换间保持;仅 UVSUP 事件丢失锁存值。其余模式忽略 INH_MASK。

Table 9-4. Mode Overview(模式总览)

MODEVCC and VIOVSUPENnSTBWAKERQ FLAGDRIVERRECEIVERRXDINH
Normal> UVCC 且 > UVIO> UVSUPXXXEnabledEnabledMirrors bus stateOn
Silent> UVCC 且 > UVIO> UVSUPHighHighXDisabledEnabledMirrors bus stateOn
> UVCC 且 > UVIO> UVSUPLowHighXDisabledEnabledLow signals wake-upOn
Standby> UVCC 且 > UVIO> UVSUPHighLowSetDisabledLow power bus monitor enabledHigh or high impedance (no VIO)On(2)
> UVCC 且 < UVIO> UVSUPLowLowXDisabledLow power bus monitor enabledOn(2)
Go-to-sleep(1)> UVCC 且 > UVIO> UVSUPHighLowClearedDisabledLow power bus monitor enabled
Sleep(3) / Protected> UVCC 且 > UVIO;或 < UVCC/<UVIO> UVSUPXXXDisabledLow power bus monitor enabledHigh or high impedance (no VIO)High impedance
X< UVSUPXXXDisabledDisabledHigh impedanceHigh impedance

(1) Go-to-sleep:EN = H,nSTB = L 的过渡模式,直至 tGOTOSLEEP 定时器到期。(2) INH 在 tGOTOSLEEP 定时器到期后转为高阻。(3) go-to-sleep → sleep 在 tGOTOSLEEP 到期后。

9.4.1.1 Normal Mode — CAN 驱动与接收器完全工作,双向通信;进入时清除 WAKERQ 与 PWRON;SWE 定时器停止并复位。

9.4.1.2 Silent Mode — 监听模式(只接收):CAN 驱动器禁用,接收器完全工作,RXD 输出总线信号;Silent 模式中 PWRON 与本地故障标志经 nFAULT 指示;从 standby 进入 silent 时 SWE 定时器不停表,须在到期前进入 normal,否则转 sleep。

9.4.1.3 Standby Mode — 低功耗模式:驱动与接收器禁用;INH 开启允许系统恢复。Standby 期间唤醒请求(WAKERQ)以 RXD 拉低指示;唤醒源在返回 normal 后经 nFAULT 识别。SWE(Sleep Wake Error)定时器使能:系统控制器须在到期前将收发器配置到 normal 模式,否则 tINACTIVE 后自动转至最低功耗 sleep 模式。

9.4.1.4 Go-To-Sleep Mode — 过渡模式:驱动与接收器禁用,INH 保持有效以给 VIO 控制器提供使能;保持 t ≥ tGOTOSLEEP 则转 sleep 且 INH 关断为高阻。唤醒事件持续时保持 standby,直到进入 normal 清除待处理唤醒事件。

9.4.1.5 Sleep Mode — 最低功耗模式:CAN 发射器与主接收器关断,不能收发数据;低功耗接收器监视总线以验证 WUP,WAKE 监视电路监视 WAKE 端子状态变化以检测 LWU。CAN autonomous inactive 时 ISUP 电流最小。INH 关断使受控电源关闭。退出条件:有效 WUP 经 CAN 总线引脚、本地 WAKE(LWU)事件、或 nSTB 低→高转换。因 SWE 超时进入 Sleep 时退出需额外 EN/nSTB 序列(见状态机注释 5)。

9.4.1.5.1 Remote Wake Request via Wake-Up Pattern (WUP) — 低功耗唤醒接收器使用 ISO 11898-2:2016 定义的多重滤波显性唤醒模式(WUP):滤波显性 → 滤波隐性 → 滤波显性。每个状态须持续 ≥ tWK(FILTER)。小于 tWK(FILTER) 最小值的状态绝不触发;介于最小与最大之间可能触发;大于最大值必定触发。模式与 tWK(FILTER) 防止噪声与总线卡显性造成伪唤醒,同时任何有效 CAN/CAN FD 消息都能发起唤醒。tWK(FILTER) 选取在短/长滤波范围的最小/最大值之间,使 500 kbps 的单个位时间或 1 Mbps 的两个背靠背位时间在任一总线状态触发滤波。tWK(TIMEOUT) 提供额外鲁棒性:整个 WUP 须在该超时内收到,否则内部逻辑复位,收发器保持 sleep。tWK(TIMEOUT) 到期时若总线为显性,下一个 WUP 模式须以至少 tWK(FILTER) 的隐性分隔。

9.4.1.5.2 Local Wake-Up (LWU) via WAKE Input Terminal — WAKE 端子是双向高压反电池保护输入,用于本地唤醒请求,低→高或高→低转换均触发(双向输入阈值)。可接 VSUP 或地开关。未使用时拉至 VSUP 或地。LWU 电路在 sleep 模式有效;WAKE 电路在 normal 模式关闭。

9.4.2 CAN Transceiver(收发器子状态机)

支持 ISO 11898-2:2016 自主总线偏置方案,在 CAN active、CAN autonomous active、CAN autonomous inactive 之间切换以降低 RF 发射。四个收发器子状态:

  • CAN Off:VSUP < UVSUPF 时进入;总线真正浮空,对总线无负载并防止电池/地丢失时的反向电流。
  • CAN Autonomous: Inactive / Active:standby/go-to-sleep/sleep 模式中偏置电路可为 inactive(总线偏置到 GND)或 active(远程 WUP 发生后偏置到 2.5 V,收发器进入 autonomous active)。控制器未在 tSILENCE 前转回 normal 则回到 inactive。从 normal/silent 转 standby/go-to-sleep/sleep 时,若总线在模式转换前 inactive t < tSILENCE 则进入 autonomous active,否则 inactive;VCC < UVCC(F) 或 VIO < UVIO(F) 也切换。
  • CAN Active:normal 或 silent 模式下;normal 中驱动与接收器完全工作,silent 中驱动关闭接收器工作。CAN 偏置电压来自 VCC,保持 VCC/2。进入 CAN active 后若 TXD 在离开 standby 前已被拉低,则阻止发送器(TXDCLP 保护)。

Table 9-5. Driver Function Table:Normal/Silent/Standby/Sleep 模式中,TXD Low → CANH High/CANL Low(Dominant);TXD High or Open → 高阻/自主偏置;Silent/Standby/Sleep 模式中 x → 高阻 + 自主偏置。

Table 9-6. Receiver Function Table:

DEVICE MODEVID = VCANH - VCANLBUS STATERXD TERMINAL
Normal / Silent / Standby / Sleep / Go-to-sleep(1)VID ≥ 0.9 VDominantLow
0.5 V < VID < 0.9 VIndeterminateIndeterminate
VID ≤ 0.5 VRecessiveHigh
Open (VID ≈ 0 V)OpenHigh
Standby / Sleep(低功耗接收)VID ≥ 1.15 VDominantHigh
0.4 V < VID < 1.15 VIndeterminateLow if wake-up event persists
VID ≤ 0.4 VRecessive
Open (VID ≈ 0 V)OpenTri-state if VIO or VSUP are not present

(1) Low power wake-up receiver is active。

CAN Bus States(总线状态) — 显性/隐性两种逻辑状态。显性:总线差分驱动,TXD/RXD 逻辑低;隐性:经接收器高阻内部输入电阻(RIN)偏置到收发器供电电压一半,TXD/RXD 逻辑高。仲裁时显性覆盖隐性;多个节点同时发送显性位时总线差分电压大于单驱动。低功耗 standby/sleep 模式提供第三总线状态:总线 inactive 超过 tSILENCE 后,总线引脚经接收器高阻内部电阻偏置到地。

10 Application Information(应用信息)

注:以下应用信息不属于 TI 器件规格的一部分;客户负责确定元件适用性并验证测试设计。

  • 典型应用(Figure 10-1):单个 5-V 稳压器可同时驱动 VCC 与 VIO,或独立 5-V/3.3-V 稳压器分别驱动;INH 控制系统电源。
  • 使用 INH_MASK 的应用(Figure 10-2):INH 控制耗电系统块的电源,VREG EN 输入由 INH 驱动,INH_MASK 由 MCU GPIO 控制。
  • Bus Loading, Length and Number of Nodes:典型 40 m 总线 / 0.3 m 桩线;高输入阻抗收发器(如 TCAN1463-Q1)支持更多节点。差分输入电阻 RID 最小 50 kΩ;100 个 TCAN1463-Q1 并联等效 500 Ω 差分负载与 60 Ω 端接并联约 54 Ω,理论上支持超过 100 个收发器;实际受信号损耗、寄生负载、时序等限制。CANopen 指南允许 1 km 网络(调整端接、线缆、<64 节点、显著降低速率)。
  • CAN Termination:每端单个 120 Ω,或分裂端接(Figure 10-3)改善共模噪声滤波与 EMC。
  • Power Supply Recommendations:三个电源轨 VSUP(VBAT)、VCC(4.5-5.5 V)、VIO(1.7-5.5 V);每个电源引脚尽量近放置 100 nF 去耦电容。
  • Layout Guidelines:保护与滤波电路靠近总线连接器;TVS(D1)、可选总线滤波电容(C6/C7)、CANH/CANL 上串共模扼流圈(CMC);信号路径方向设计保护元件;电源与地平面低电感;至少两个过孔;去耦/体电容靠近 VCC/VIO/VSUP;分裂端接 R3/R4 + C5 中心抽头接地;INH (7) 可加 100 kΩ 到地;WAKE (9) 配置 C8 (22 nF) 到地、R5 (33 kΩ)、R6 (3 kΩ)。

11 Device and Documentation Support / 12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

可订购料号(PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM 摘要):

Orderable part numberPackage | PinsPackage qty | CarrierMSL rating/Peak reflowOp temp (°C)Part marking
TCAN1463DMTRQ1VSON (DMT) | 143000 | LARGE T&RLevel-2-260C-1 YEAR-40 to 1251463
TCAN1463DRQ1SOIC (D) | 142500 | LARGE T&RLevel-1-260C-UNLIM-40 to 1251463
TCAN1463DYYRQ1SOT-23-THIN (DYY) | 143000 | LARGE T&RLevel-1-260C-UNLIM-40 to 1251463

封装大纲:

  • DYY0014A:SOT-23-THIN,1.1 mm max height;外形 4.1-4.3 × 1.9-2.1 mm,引脚间距 0.5 mm;参考 JEDEC MO-345 变体 AB。
  • D0014A:SOIC,1.75 mm max height;外形 8.55-8.75 × 3.8-4.0 mm,引脚间距 1.27 mm。
  • DMT0014A:VSON,无引线封装,含 PCB 布局图与钢网设计。
  • 带卷与盒尺寸、焊盘材料信息详见原文。

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